Rebar shapes and names. In the Schedule Properties dialog Formatting tab, select the Bending Detail field and click Edit next to Jun 14, 2023 · A rebar bender is designed to bend these steel bars accurately and efficiently, ensuring they conform to the required shape and dimensions specified in the construction plans. The basics must be understood. In this article, you will learn more about how rebar standees work, different types, and design considerations. As the name represents, it is made up of carbon steel and is commonly known as Black Bar due to carbon colour. Also known as “stirrups” or “rings” rebar ties are used to complete beams and hold the longitudinal rebar in place. Size #11,Grade 60, A 615. Hook at Start: Lists appropriate hook angles defined by the Style selection. They are European rebar, Carbon steel rebar, Epoxy-Coated Rebar, Galvanized Rebar, Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer (GFRP) and Stainless Steel Rebar. the little squares in each corner mean "right angle" A square has equal sides (marked "s") and every angle is a right angle (90°) Also opposite sides are parallel. Remove and Inspect: Once the bend is complete, remove the rebar and inspect the angle. Rebar is created with a textured surface that promotes better bonding with the concrete mixture. uk Fax: 01942 820380. Each geometric shape includes an image and a description. A range of individual markings reveal the identification of each individual rebar: The first letter or symbol means producing mill and deformation pattern. com Fig 1: Reinforcement Steel Bar. To create a rebar schedule with the associated images, include the Shape Image field in a rebar schedule in the model. Reinforcing Shape Codes. Mar 5, 2024 · Tie your rebar. Bar bending shape codes are the cutting length formula used to avoid unnecessary cut wastes on reinforcement. Concrete is very strong under compressive stress and shear stress, but it performs poorly under tensile strength. Dodecahedrons are a shape with 12 faces, 30 edges and 20 vertices. The following table describes the editable properties of the Rebar Shape Parameters dialog: Parameter. A reinforcing bar, rebar is used to compensate for the relatively weak tensile strength of these popular building materials. See Note 3. This may involve pulling down a lever or pressing a button, depending on the machine’s design. They are used in concrete for particular purposes such as dowels on enlargement joints where bars should slide into steel or paper sleeves, for contraction joints inroads, and for column spirals. Pre-tied beam in place. Shape Code 99. In this package you get two sets of Rebar Shape families with two different approaches to the formula parameter Length of Each Bar, and Rebar Images were inserted in both sets of families. Concrete is strong under compression, but has low tensile strength. First, it indicates whether the current state of the shape is a valid rebar shape. (Inherited from Element . Monday - Friday: 6am - 4:30pm Saturday & Sunday: Jan 14, 2020 · The Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI) recently released its newly updated 10th edition of Placing Reinforcing Bars and second edition of Field Inspection of Reinforcing Bars. Grade 75 rebar has a minimum yield strength of Jun 23, 2021 · This article will guide you about different kind of Reinforcement Shape Codes / BBS Formula and Codes. Rebar elements are unique in the following ways: Composed of completely flexible geometry. The 3D Geometric Shapes: Everything You Need to Know. Most come in lightweight versions and some of Aug 4, 2023 · 2. While rebar shapes are common to both shape driven and free form rebar, there A rectangle is a four-sided shape where every angle is a right angle (90°). All our steel reinforcing bar is Cares approved and conforms to BS 8666:2005. These picklists define the common shape of the rebars on both ends of the concrete part. Rebar is a type of reinforcing bar that is used to strengthen the tensile strength of concrete and is generally composed of steel. The rebar shape library for UK was updated based on the latest BS8666:2020 standard. Apr 19, 2022 · Bar Bending Shape Codes Overview. Rebar constraints set and lock the geometry of each rebar instance with respect to a concrete host element. In the Family Shape Editor, click Create tab Properties panel (Family Types). Rebar ties come in many shapes and sizes, from simple squares and circles to multi-bend one piece ties. #5 Rebar. Rebar is a short form for Reinforcing Bar. In history, before the invention of the reinforcement steel, different techniques are used to carry the tensile BS8666 Shape Codes Steel Reinforcement For Concrete – BS 8666:2005. Computer automation allows us to bend #3 through #6 rebar into any shape you need. Mild Steel Bar. All other shapes where standard shapes cannot be used. 1 in2. Carbon Steel Rebar. 1 – BENDING DIMENSIONS AND SCHEDULING OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT FOR CONCRETE) 20 39 52 72 Drg. The following table describes the editable properties of the Rebar Shape Parameters dialog: Parameter Changes the type of the element. ) Create. All faces are square in shape. alloy); carbon steel (basic “black” rebar); galvanized; epoxy coated; glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer (GFRP); and stainless steel. We produce it in accordance with BS, International standards and ACI. We stock and custom order black rebar, stainless steel rebar and fiberglass rebar. NOTE 4: Stock lengths are available in a limited number of lengths (e. Oct 5, 2018 · 9. If the control is disabled, the shape is valid and you can load it into projects. There are different types of rebar. If you decide to customize the shape directly using the shape manager, you can do the following things: - Rename the shape. Where is it? In the Family Shape Editor, click Create tabProperties panel (Family Types). It consists of a special steel bar or a mesh made of many small steel wires. It consists of smooth or deformed steel bars that are typically manufactured in specific sizes and shapes to meet different construction requirements. In that time, it has become one of the most significant building materials used. Pre BS8666:2020 Shape Codes. pdf), Text File (. Simply put, rebar is a steel bar placed inside Description for Rebar Shapes - Family Pack. The number code indicating the size of the bar is expressed in the standard bar designation number. Over the course of selling rebar for 25 years, we realize that it is a major inconvenience for our customers to cut and bend straight bars themselves. To do Rebar Detailing using a 2D Rebar detailing software like RGS REBAR or a 3D Rebar Detailing software like VISKAR BIM. Mild Steel REBarS: The surface of the mild metal bar is plain and spherical in shape, they are obtainable in various sizes from 6mm to 50mm. Table 1: Grades of Rebar in Different Codes. Top Finishing Turns. Placing Rebar Properties. Description. The previous standard was BS8666:2005. Steel Beams Direct are able to work from all types of cut and bent schedules and supply steel reinforcing nationwide. Stirrups may be of various types depending on the design and shape of the structural members. 376 lbs/ft or 0. Deletes the existing entity created by %schema% in the element. ) DeleteSubelement. Represented in tabular form, it is very helpful for projects. British Standard Bar Mass and Radius of Bending Bar diameter 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40 50 Aug 20, 2021 · Mild Steel Bar. Pittsburgh, PA Apollo, PA Pulaski, PA Bridgeport, WV. This is the primary focus of this article. This should be done before even learning any software. This feature is described on the product road map. During the forming process, deformations are formed in the surface of the bars that are used to help in transferring loads between the Mar 3, 2015 · Rebar concrete construction has only been used in the United States for approximately 135 years. shape codes 12 13, 22, 33 and 47) the largest practical mandrel size for the production of a continuous curve is 400 mm. If the rebar contains two lines, it indicates that the rebar was rolled into the 75,000-psi bars. The Free Form rebar is driven by curves. Dec 29, 2023 · The Bend Type 24 rebar standee is a reinforcing bar assembly characterized by its hook-shaped configuration. 1. Think of it as the ultimate instruction manual for your construction site crew. We use four benders and three coil machines to fabricate rebar in the shapes you need with exceptional precision. Create a new instance of a Rebar Shape, which defines the shape of a rebar. png. This shape allows the standee to securely hold and support the top mats of reinforcement in concrete structures. txt) or read online for free. Hook Rebar Ties. Pitch (Spiral rebar only. Parent topic: What's New in Revit 2023. Octahedrons are a shape with 8 faces, 12 edges and 6 vertices. Jan 18, 2023 · With so many different shapes, steel bars can be used in an almost limitless number of applications. Bar extension during bending has already been accounted for on 6810 15th St. Bend Angle : Just like a director specifies how an actor should deliver a line, bending details specify the angle at which the rebar should be bent. Rebar standees are reinforcing bar assemblies that support top mats of reinforcing bars in thick concrete members, such as footings and slabs. The main drawback of this rebar is that it corrodes, which adversely effect the concrete and structure. ) Specifies the number of complete coils to close the spiral top. Products. #4 Rebar. Standard beams are specified by a letter callout, S, then the nominal web height in inches, then the per-foot weight in pounds. g. ) Specifies the distance between rebar coils in the spiral. Shape Code 12: This code represents an L-shaped rebar with a circular bend If bend angles approach 90° schedule as a shape code 99 with horizontal offsets. They are typically square or rectangular in shape and comprise five 90° bends. A + 2B + C + (D) – 2r – 4d. High-strength reinforcing steel uses a continuous line system to show steel grade. This comprehensive article delves into various aspects of rebar, offering an in-depth understanding of its definition, historical significance, manufacturing process, grades, sizes, types, installation techniques, and inspection methods. Use the latest shape codes to reinforce your concrete structures. As their name suggests, a wrap and snap tie is a hybrid tie that combines the supportive elements of both the snap and saddle ties. Oct 22, 2021 · This article provides a brief summary of a few of the common types of rebar used in construction to enhance the tensile strength of concrete. 2. For small scale and domestic projects, rebar with diameters of 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm will usually suffice. Grades of Rebar in Different Codes. If one is used, you can create effective diagonal bonds between rebar rods in most vertical or horizontal structures. Nov 29, 2022 · The most common grades of rebar are Grade 60, Grade 75, and Grade 80. There are two basic types of rebar: steel and fiberglass. Rebar detailing is often the unsung hero of a successful build. The parameters become the default settings in the rebar shape types when placed in a project. Jan 17, 2024 · Bending details in rebar shop drawings are the equivalent of providing precise instructions on how to shape and bend rebar. NOTE 3: For shapes with straight and curved lengths (e. Rebar is the common name for cylindrical shaped steel bars with uniformly spaced protrusions called lugs or deformations. The roads that Americans drive on, the buildings in which they work, the homes in which they live and the products and services they receive all exist in at least some 1. Bar Dimensions / Weights Rebar is a structural member that is cast into concrete and masonry to provide strength and reinforcement. Engage the machine to bend the rebar. It has a diameter of 13 mm and weighs 0. We don't currently model rebar because we're not fabricators (we're structural engineers). A cube is a type of cuboid and is one of the 5 platonic solids. Add a default value to all parameters assigned to dimensions. In the left bottom side of the tab, some picklists are available for defining the shape and distribution of the bottom rebars. A stirrup is a closed loop of rebars in a reinforced concrete component that keeps the main reinforcement (RFT) bars together. So how do I change the rebar shape name of a free form rebar? Types of rebar. Feb 11, 2021 · Rebar – Guide for Design and Construction. Structural steel beams and girders are available in three shapes: standard or “S” beams, wide flange or “W” beams, and pile or “H” beams. The different types of rebar each unique strengths and weaknesses. Steel rebar is usually made of carbon The #3 rebar has a weight per length of 0. Pilot Steel specializes in the manufacturing of custom bent reinforcing bars. When embedded within the concrete, rebar forms a composite material that can effectively resist both compressive and tensile forces, making it The Rebar class represents rebar used to reinforce suitable elements, such as concrete beams, columns, slabs or foundations. While in the second set the formula is BS4466 Shape Codes. Grade 60 rebar is the most commonly used grade of rebar, and it has a minimum yield strength of 60,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Bar Bending Shapes. You can choose between showing the rebar shape parameter names or the actual values of segment lengths. All dimensions are out-to-out of bar except "A" and "G" on Rebar is a steel reinforcement used in concrete structures to provide added strength and support. May 11, 2020 · Hey, I would like to change the rebar shape name from Rebar Shape 2 to X so I could get the shape name in my schedule, and as well in my rebar tags. ASTM A615: Deformed and plain steel bars. BRC ARABIA (LLC) helps in achieving this by producing and supplying cut and bent steel rebars to various types of projects. However, if you require a different shape code, please contact us to discuss your requirements. Canadian Resources. Make any necessary adjustments either by re-bending or using manual methods for fine-tuning. Jun 15, 2023 · Jun. There are two kind of rebar – Shape Driven and Free Form. There are quite a few significant changes which affect how the total length of bars are calculated as well as some additional shape codes. Rebar is an essential element in construction, serving as a critical reinforcement for concrete structures. Rebar cover is the internal offset of a concrete host to which rebar parametrically extends. Rebar Bending Details in Schedules. DeleteEntity. BBS helps in the calculation of different bar sizes, their cutting, and appropriate use Dec 29, 2017 · A variety of rebar lengths and diameters are available, but there are only six common types of rebar: European (a carbon, manganese, silicon, etc. " May 2, 2023 · When selecting rebar for a concrete project, several factors must be considered. Although BS4466 is superseded it is still used and is described below for reference purposes. Applied Systems Associates, Inc. The Shape Driven Rebar is a Rebar the is driven by a shape. Rebar is placed into the base where the concrete will be poured. Current rebar features are geared toward British Rebar Shapes Update. Kicker. They ensure that each piece fits perfectly into the concrete structure. These bar bending schedules should be used with the reinforcement drawings. Bars should be cut to the lengths specified on the bending schedule. Shape Code 11 vs Shape Code 12. 14031 51 65 38 49 62 86 37 48 60 85 36 43 A 55 81 34 42 54 75 33 D shall be at least 74. co. Free form rebar instances match existing rebar shape families or create new shaped for matching rebar geometry. Rebar Shapes (from R2019. Jun 7, 2023 · As such, a rebar tying tool is recommended for applying this type of tie. Available in various rebar shape codes in diameters from 10-40mm. Shape Code 11: This code represents an L-shaped rebar without a circular gap at the bent part. Types of Steel Reinforcement Bars. 3. Bars can be cut to the length of your choice and bent according to BS 8666 shape codes. For instance, the common practice for driveways and patios is to use the lightest 6mm rebar. In order to satisfy our customers special project needs, we utilize state of the art rebar Oct 15, 2019 · Lower-strength reinforcing steel bars have only three marks that identify the mill that produced the bar, the rebar size, and the type of steel used. In April 2000 a new British Standard, BS8666 the ‘Specification for scheduling, dimensioning, bending and cutting of steel reinforcement for concrete’ was introduced, replacing BS 4466. The #4 rebar is often used in residential and commercial projects to add strength in slabs and columns. Octahedron. The latest update, BS8666:2020 (from BS8666:2005) updates the standard more closely inline with BS EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode 2 (which you Rebar (short for reinforcing bar ), known when massed as reinforcing steel or steel reinforcement, [1] is a steel bar used as a tension device in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures to strengthen and aid the concrete under tension. Email: collins@rebar. The Square. Rebar is also known as reinforcing bar, reinforcing steel, and reinforcement steel is the material that is used in concrete to enhance the flexural strength of the concrete element. 20 26 ISOMETRIC 32 aSa@/REBAR SYSTEM 5270 LOGAN FERRY ROAD MURRYSVILLE, PA 15668 PHONE (724) 733-8700 Jun 19, 2021 · In concrete construction, a stirrup is used to secure the primary longitudinal rebar in concrete beams or columns. BS8666 is the British Standard rebar shape code list required to be adhered to when using steel to reinforce concrete in construction in the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. Proper techniques are crucial for safety and effectiveness when using a manual rebar bender, ensuring the prevention of accidents and injuries while achieving accurate and reliable bending results. Each bar in a set is subjected to this matching procedure, allowing common fabrication data to be extracted for scheduling. PJ’s uses computerized machines to quickly and accurately produce our ties. The second marking means the bar size, in this picture, " 11 " means the diameter of this rebar is #3. Sarasota, FL 34243 (941) 567-6137 ¿Hablas español? Llámenos para obtener ayuda. Dodecahedron. sys. - Rename the dimensions. Understand the rules for rebar shape matching when detailing with free form rebar. Note 2 For shapes with straight and curved lengths (e. Number code for the size of the bar. George L. Add the "Length of each bar" by clicking new parameter, and selecting the shared parameter definition for UK rebar shapes (by default this txt file is located next to the rebar shape families in your UK library) Define Sep 18, 2020 · 3. Wrap and Snap Tie. shape codes 12, 13, 22 and 33) the largest practical radius for the production of a continuous curve is 200mm, and for larger radii the curve may be produced by a series of short straight sections. Feb 29, 2024 · Select each dimension and add the expected parameter, A, B, C. Pulaski, PA Bridgeport, WV. They are hot rolled from semi-finished steel called billets. When you swing on a rope swing and jump into a swimming hole, you exert tensile stress on the rope. Tensile stress. Rebar / Fabricated Shapes. The purpose of a rebar bender is to facilitate the bending process , which is often necessary to create various shapes and configurations of rebar to suit different The Role of Rebar in Enhancing Structural Strength. The reinforcement steel, or rebar, significantly enhances concrete's structural strength by bearing the tensile loads that concrete cannot. The picklists and input fields are used to define the rebar shape, rebar pattern and rebar distribution. BRC ARABIA (LLC) has a professional team of Engineers and Technicians who ensure the production of quality products as per client's bar lists and in Oct 7, 2020 · These options can be changed under Reinforcement Settings, and should be set before adding any Rebar elements to the project. The third letter represents the type of steel as follow: Jun 7, 2023 · Rebar is also known as reinforcing or reinforcement steel. Advantages of using BBS codes in BBS Schedule. See About Rebar Shapes. Major types of steel bars used in the construction are as follows, 1. See also Clause 10. (Spiral rebar only. Tensile stress is a force exerted on an object that lengthens or stretches that object. So, the next time you gaze at a concrete marvel, remember the hidden heroes within – the unassuming rebar, silently weaving strength and resilience into Stainless steel rebar must be manufactured to BS 6744 standard to be suitable for use on UK construction projects. This type of rebar has a smooth surface and is available in a variety of diameters, from 6mm up to around 50mm. In the schedule properties palette, under Other, click Edit next to Formatting. By using the standard shape, Rebar will cease to use the Auto-Shape for this bar. Shape and pattern. Shape Driven and Free Form Rebar. Rebar significantly increases the tensile strength of the structure. shape codes 12, 13, 22, 33, and 47) the largest practical mandrel size for the production of a continuous curve is 400 mm. In January 2021, the British Standard used to describe the scheduling, bending and cutting of reinforcement bar was updated to BS8666:2020. Construction. In reinforcements, various kinds of bar shapes are used depending upon the load calculation. Rebar is used as a tension device and a reinforcement mechanism in concrete and masonry, with the aim being to strengthen and stabilize the concrete under tension. First, project specifications like size, shape, and rebar grade are essential to ensure the rebar meets the required standards. Through correct application, the shape can significantly increase each structure’s tensile strength. Load requirements also play a significant role in determining the strength and spacing of the rebar. Length = C x 3. Rebar shape codes chart - without bending formula (colour) - Free download as PDF File (. It is used in a wide range of construction projects, including bridges, buildings, and roads. BS 8666: SUMMARY OF SHAPE CODES. Canadian Design and Fabrication Resources. British Standard Bar Mass and Radius of Bending Bar diameter 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 32 40 50 1 2 / 3 0 / 2 0 1 1 8:1 9:0 2 A M R E V I S I O N C:\ d \ p r o j e c t s \ s t a n d a r d s \ s t r u c t u r e s \ c u r r e n t \ r e a d y 4 r e l e a s e \ 2 0 Stirrups are separate from one another. (REFERENCE: SANS 282:2004, EDITION 5. The Rebar detailer should first know How to manually detail Rebar using Paper and pencil. 9. Pittsburgh, PA Apollo, PA. A shortened version of “reinforcing bar,” rebar is a metal bar that provides strength to reinforce concrete and masonry structures under tension. For your convenience, we have illustrated the most common shape codes available. Rebar plays a critical role in reinforcing concrete structures, providing tensile strength and preventing cracking or collapsing. Show bar bending detail information inside the rebar schedule. Also opposite sides are parallel and of equal length. Rebar’s surface is often deformed to promote a better bond with the concrete. Code for manufacturer. Does anyone have a resource for a rebar bending diagram/table and the associated commonplace names (hoops, stirrups, standees, hairpins, etc)? I find that nearly all structural firms have their own conventions for bending diagrams and I only know some of the so-called "shape names. Canadian Typical Bend Shapes 2019. . This forms a skeletal square or rectangular column inside the mold. Types of Rebar. The hook design provides a reliable and robust connection, ensuring the stability and load-bearing capacity of the standee. The first mark identifies the producing mill and/or the manufacturer of the reinforcement bar. To access the Rebar Bending Detail Options dialog in the Schedule properties: Open the schedule (double-click its name in the Project Browser or click its tab). To minimise the wastage; To cut the steel bar easily based on the shape code; To procure the accurate quantity of material Feb 16, 2024 · These steel bars are available in different grades, starting from Grade 50, Grade 60, Grade 75, and so on, where Grade 50 means that the steel bar has a specified yield point of 50,000 psi, Grade 60 means its specified yield point of 60,000 psi and Grade 75 means 75,000 psi and so on. With Direct site deliveries being made every week. It is commonly used as a dowel in expansion joints within poured concrete elements, in applications where the bar needs to be inserted into a sleeve (typically made from paper or metal), and for contraction joints in roads, pavements and runways. Starter bar. bending dimensions. Epoxy-Coated omit some dimensions, you will have to go and edit the file barcodes. Place each rebar in its respective position according to the layout described in the previous steps. 2 in2. 668 lbs/ft with a cross-sectional area of 0. 561 kg/m. Rebar creates tension in Rebar System Typical Bar Bends Rebar System Typical Bar Bends Use the Rebar Shape Parameters dialog to define the base attributes (parameters) of the rebar shape. Style. Subject to the definition of its rebar shape. 6m, 12m). And a cross-sectional area of 0. Mar 21, 2023 · This video explains how to define a basic rebar shape and set up rules using the RebarShapeManager Whether you have a large or small project, Whitacre Rebar supplies all of your reinforcement needs. Wilson Steelworks can cut and bend rebar to YOUR custom specs! We shear cut 20’, 30’, 40’, and standard 60’ bar stock in a range of sizes and grades to meet the needs of your project. It is a regular L-shaped rebar, meaning it doesn’t leave a gap at the bent point, making it a perfect 90° Degree bent. 142 (A – d) Shape Code 98. The Shape Status tool supplies two means of validating a rebar shape. See full list on bigrentz. In its simplest form, rebar detailing is a detailed blueprint for construction projects, which directs the accurate placement, bending shapes, quantity, and types of steel reinforcement, or rebar. E. The surface of the mild steel bars are plain and round in shape. This complete guide to geometric shapes includes every 2D geometric shape and all 3D geometrical shapes. Our services also include options for galvanization and specialty coatings, along with custom fabrication. The stirrups, which are little more than square bands, are placed around the steel rebar at regular intervals to strap them tightly into a given shape. Method of measurement of. Jul 6, 2022 · Types of Steel Beams. Similarly to images, bending details are only visible when the schedule is placed on a sheet. 2 Rebar Shape Browser, narrowest labeled) - 3 columns. Steel reinforcing bars are produced from molten steel, by forming it into large rectangular billets and then running it through a series of dies, which shape the steel into reinforcing bars. In one set the formula was compiled according to Shape Code rules. Removes a subelement from the element. Bear in mind that this is for smaller projects which will be bearing minimal loads and therefore creating low levels of tensile stress. SUMMARY OF SHAPE CODES. Stainless steel rebar must also have a proof strength of 500 N/mm2 and an ultimate tensile strength of 550 N/mm2. It is either an alphabet or a symbol that has been predesignated to the manufacturer. This guide also includes examples of geometric shapes art and a free printable geometric shapes chart pdf for students. BS 8666: 2020 Shape Codes For shapes with straight and curved lengths (e. Rebar is the predominantly consumed steel product of the construction industry and is specifically used for concrete reinforcement. Specifies an image to associate with the rebar shape type. Tying the bars so that they remain in their correct respective positions is critical to achieve the desired strength of the completed concrete structure. A regular octahedron has equilateral triangles for its faces, and is one of the 5 platonic solids. Click on the name to change it. Rebar is the most common type when it comes to concrete reinforcement, and this is the shape’s primary function. Learn how to place rebar schedules with bending Jul 3, 2014 · 2. If the Shape Status control is active, something is wrong with the current shape. From the iconic Burj Khalifa, where over 31,000 tons of rebar stand tall, to the Golden Gate Bridge, gracefully suspended on its steel web, rebar shapes our world, one structure at a time. However, common uses include structure roofs, bridges, fences, cement reinforcement, furniture, metal grating, railings, and more. Jun 13, 2023 · A manual rebar bender is a tool used to bend reinforcing steel bars (rebar) into desired shapes and angles for construction purposes. The tensile strength ratio coupled with the value makes black rebar one of the best choices. rmzchzlocslrsuvuopwb
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