Python check ip address valid. To install. tech Apr 22, 2023 · The ipaddress module in Python provides classes for working with IP addresses and networks. inet_aton(stringVariable) except socket. The dataframe A contains IP addresses only and the other one has IP addresses or IP addresses with a CIDR. So based on this difference we can check if the input string is an IP or a domain address. I searched online, and all the examples are too complex to under May 4, 2009 · Given an ip address (say 192. there are two separate concerns, and both are valid concerns: (1)°argue whether a given string can serve, technically and plausibly, as a, say, valid email address, hostname, such things; (2)°demonstrate that a given name is taken, or likely free. But i wan't to do this by hand. Any tips on printing the inverse, or IP Dec 21, 2013 · Stack Overflow Jobs powered by Indeed: A job site that puts thousands of tech jobs at your fingertips (U. Apr 17, 2012 at 12:42. May 9, 2018 · Aside the UDP addresses setting there are not any problems on python side. Another way to check is if you also have the public key of the ethereum address. \d+$',your_ip). 1. Firstly let’s know what a valid IP address looks like. 3 ping not working 8. library to check whether the string is a valid IP address. Mar 9, 2018 · Please let me know how to print all IP Addresses in Python. 6 ip address I am repeat 3. socket. def check_ip_address( ip): try: ipaddress. 888 ping working 5. 43. Basic IP functions. 2. You should strip the /32 or use ipaddress. [bool]("text" -as [ipaddress]) But user may type something like "100" and it will successfully validate to ip address 0. An address is valid if and only if it is in the form "X. Others mention some older python ping modules. The server has two IP addresses 1 internal, 1 external. # Group two start-of-IP assertions. The IPv4 addresses are canonically represented in dotted-decimal notation, which consists of four decimal numbers, each ranging from 0 to 255, separated by dots (. Jul 30, 2016 · For example, I have a bunch of strings and want to check each one to see if they are a valid IP address (valid in this case meaning correct format), is the fastest way to do this using regex? Or is there something faster with like string formatting or something. I would recommend resolving a host name into a IP address by using some of pythons built in functionality. e. That's gotta be a huge regex, at least if it matches every valid hostname and rejects every invalid one. I check at least write domain name. We can use the. Method #1: Checking the number of periods using count () method and then the range of numbers between each period. S. AF_INET, ip) try: # test for IPv6. proxy_pass = "<PASSWORD>". Something like this is what I have been doing so far: Apr 11, 2017 · 7. 0/24' ip2 = '10. Mar 22, 2024 · IP addresses are usually written and displayed in human-readable notation such as 192. Aug 23, 2022 · Fire up a terminal, move into the location of the script and execute it with python3: cd /directory/sweeper/. Simple example I have tried: import socket. is_private) # Checks if address is private. Now, even though I have a certificate that is using the correct IP address, and is self-signed, I get this error: ssl. Range Specifications Specifying a range of characters or literals is one of the simplest criteria used in a regex. If the string is not a valid identifier, print “Invalid Identifier”. Here is a script for that matter: import requests. You can read mode about IP address in Computer Networking. And would like to get some code review. Method will return the True or False. inet_aton("string") converts the string to ip address,if this is not valid ip then it will throw exception. 3 invalid 0. 151. Aug 11, 2022 · when I tried to print the result= ping(ip_addr), I saw a false/ truenow I get it. This module comes inbuilt with python 3. \d+\. Check whether the input string is a valid Python identifier using the isidentifier () method: 4a. Apr 17, 2012 · 101 1 4 12. If the value of cnt is not equal to 3, then update the value of ans to false. You can use socket. Validate an IP address (IPv4). Oct 3, 2008 · A more fundamental problem here is that in a properly written modern networking program the right (set of) local IP address(es) depends on the peer, or the set of potential peers. 5. This normally results from an attempt to bind to an address that is not valid for the local computer. Jun 24, 2023 · I’m trying to create a simple messenger in Python. ), For example, 1 Availability: Linux >= 2. ') The strings should be numbers only. We will use the socket. Jun 28, 2022 · Problem Statement: Write a Python program to validate if the given string is a valid IP address or not. 90 does not. with self. 3. i) [a-z] ii) [A-Za-z0-9] In the above expression ([]) square brackets are used to specify the range. // strTokenFunction. Python has a built-in socket module that provides a straightforward method to resolve hostnames to IP addresses. I wrote a function which will compare every IP octet with the others. Any suggestions? Aug 7, 2023 · Before you geolocate a user's device via an IP address using Python, you should make sure it is a valid IP address. '))) Method #2: Using a variable to check the number of periods and using a set to check if the range of numbers between periods is Mar 28, 2011 · how can one check if variable contains DNS name or IP address in python ? python; regex; dns; ip; Regexp to check if an IP is valid. If you want to evaluate a lot of IP addresses this way, you'll probably want to calculate the netmask upfront, like Feb 19, 2024 · Solution 3: Using Python GeoIP Library. Regex is for pattern matching, but to check for a valid IP, you need to check for the range (i. Everything worked well until I decided to implement SSL/TLS. We can use the ipaddress module in Python, to verify if a string is a valid IP or not. Mar 27, 2019 · Validate IP Address. Implementation. For example, use the following pattern to match an IP: Aug 25, 2020 · [edit] My apologies, I got confused in my original answer. Check if the resulting segments form a valid IP address. As soon as we encounter a 0 however, we can only accept zeros for the remaining bits. 255, then the output will be true, otherwise it will be false: [0<=int(x)<256 for x in re. Oct 30, 2023 · Python Basic: Exercise-139 with Solution. Apr 10, 2012 · The following will check whether an IP is valid or not: If the IP is within 0. Dec 20, 2012 · IP Address validation in python; Validating IP Addresses in python; I would like to ask why you are communicating with a subprocess when you can do this within the standard python library. Currently it prints the garbage or not properly formatted IP addresses. From Wikipedia, An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. Each octet in the address must be a number between 0 and 255, separated by periods. Availability: Linux >= 4. Jul 10, 2017 · I am using python and would like a simple regex to check for a domain name's validity. except socket. url = 'https://stackoverflow'. The ipaddress module allows you to do just that by viewing and manipulating IP addresses as Python objects. a dotted quad, and IPv6 addresses in both longhand form (8 groups of 4 hexadecimal characters separated by :) and shorthand forms. 0 <= n <= 255). AF_INET6, ip) except socket. If the local IP address is needed to bind a socket to a particular interface, then it is a policy matter. In Computer Network, the IP address uniquely defines each host or node in the network. 11 lies between a particular range, say 180. And use function below. IP (Internet Protocol) -Address is the basic fundamental concept of computer networks which provides the address assigning capabilities to a network. Apr 14, 2022 · Asking the user for input until they give a valid response (22 answers) Closed 2 years ago . Then we can accept as many ones as possible. """. 1', port=8080) but it always says the port is not open. XXX. 266 I am not repeat 8. proxy_ip = "<IP>". You may use regex to check for range, but that'll be a bit overkill. Building your own custom Regex to check the shape of the provided IP string is fairly straightforward in Python. split('. 0. This method requires you to check that the string is the right shape and that the values in each section are between 0 and 255. (_ssl. That's might be something not what you expect. 355. Input : 130. Let’s take a look at how we can verify which addresses are loopback, multicast, local links, or reserved using the ipaddress module in Python. assertRaises(ValueError): check_keyword(url, keyword) I try unit testing on url textfield and there is main. 1 it is not configured on your machine. 154. ip_address() will not validate an IP Address with the CIDR notation, even if it’s /32. X. So in the script I want to add this mac address check before runs the script. Now you have a list of integers in slice_split_address and so it'll check if every element of that list evaluates to True if you just call it like you do and any number other than 0 will evaluate to True, but an IP like 127. 0/24'): print(ip) Apr 29, 2020 · Validate IP Address in Python - Suppose we have a string; we have to check whether the given input is a valid IPv4 address or IPv6 address or neither. 192. Jan 10, 2014 · Here is a python regex that does a pretty good job of fetching valid IPv4 IP addresses from a string: import re reValidIPv4 = re. ip_address ( ip) if ":" in ip: return "IPv6" else: return "IPv4" except ValueError: return "Invalid". 8. End of the function. inet_pton(socket. ipaddress provides the capabilities to create, manipulate and operate on IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and networks. I have assumed that IP address is in decimal format. So, I am able to prompt the user for their IP address and check whether it is valid or not, but I cannot seem to figure out how to get this program to ask the user for another IP address if the one entered is invalid. I don't need to get the TTL=64 or those data to check the connection of ip address. py page where I done the validation main. The Ethereum Foundation's official eth-keys Python library can be used, and is now part of their Github repo and can be seen here and contains a suite of tools that include ways to check address validity, such as using the PublicKey(). 88. Example 1: Without Using Any Python Library. sample file to be parsed: ping working 3. A typical regex pattern for IPv4 might be ^(?:[0-9]{1,3}\\. The simplest way to create addresses is to use the ipaddress. Oct 30, 2023 · There are two common formats for IP addresses: IPv4 and IPv6. prefixlen) Jun 2, 2021 · @Michael I know this is much later than original post, but I have a problem perhaps you could provide context to. However, before we proceed, let's install the library. Checking if a string is a valid IP address format in JavaScript involves verifying if the string follows the rules for a standard IPv4 or IPv6 address. 168. Apr 18, 2019 · I need to do this as part of validation, I have a solution for IPv4. XX’. Just import two built-in modules: socket and struct. Make it more friendly by accepting any valid format. Here is an example. The script will find the IP address and print it. One of the visual differences between IP and domain address is when you delete dots in the IP address the result would be a number. 32 , 0. ){3}[0-9]{1,3}$. Get IP from URL Python using the socket module. Here is another example to pass the hostname as a command-line argument to the script. 3+, you can use ipaddress module: >>> import ipaddress >>> ipaddress. Install the Python GeoIP library with pip install python-geoip. 3+, so you don’t need to install it if you have python 3. 45. When we start to check the bits, we need the first digit to be 1. ip_network(ip2). In this example, we are not using any python library to validate an IPv4 IP address is valid or not using python. Jun 11, 2023 · Check if String is a valid IP using Iptools. Feb 6, 2015 · What i want to do is check if an IP falls into that range. Sep 21, 2021 · When connected to the web, the IP address allows the computers to send and receive information. 456. Write a Python program to validate an IP address. Nov 26, 2008 · Here is the C program to validate a given IPV4 address. 3+. . count('. Input an IPv4 address or a subnet into the terminal, and the ping sweeper should get to work and return the expected output. Returning 0/1 is very 'unpythonic' instead of True/False. def _is_private_ip(self, ip): """Check if the IP belongs to private network blocks. ip_network() instead. ip_address() factory function, which automatically determines whether to create an IPv4 or IPv6 address based on the passed in value: I hate programs that force the user to think a like a computer. py-. ip_checker is a python library which you can use to validate ip address and check whether an ip is private or public & you can easily implement this library easily on your api, app or This library works on both python2 & python 3. If the ipaddress module is not installed, then you can install it using command, Copy to clipboard. X", where each X is a number from 0 to 255. keyword = 'foo'. 0. gethostbyname () for this: Your function might look like this: Example: Feb 15, 2023 · Regex (Regular Expression) In C++ will be used to check the IP address. It doesn't matter if the address is a valid IP or Dec 7, 2018 · I've written a small Python function to check whether a string is a valid IPv4 subnet mask. IPv6 Support. 35 in IPv4(32-bit IP address). Below is an attempt to use socket. ’ in the given string, S in a variable cnt. Just do: (regexIPv4)|(regexIPv6) – Bart Kiers. We remove dots in the input string and after that check if we can convert the result to an integer or we get an exception. 0 to 255. ') == 3. Mar 11, 2015 · If you are allowed to not to use regex, you can use python's socket package . For determining the class: The idea is to check the first octet of the IP addresses. You can check if the IP is valid using the RFCs for IPv4 and IPv6 but you can never discard a hostname because xyz can be reachable within you LAN and not from the internet. These are the methods to check if a string is a valid IP address format in JavaScript: Place three dots in the string at different positions. Get Mac Adress from my Android Device. 255 I am 255. Apr 23, 2018 · While trying to learn Python I stumbled upon a question which asks you to write a code that is able to take an input and verify it to see whether it meets the IPv6 Criteria. SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: IP address mismatch, certificate is not valid for ‘XXX. Here’s how: import socket try: socket. As we know, for class A first octet will range from 1 – 126, for class B first octet will range from 128 – 191, for I am trying to make a raw HTTP request in Python and write the response to a file. It needs to return a false value if the string is not just an ip address, but an ip address followed by some sort of path. 3. error: Mar 8, 2019 · IP Host Addresses¶ Addresses, often referred to as “host addresses” are the most basic unit when working with IP addressing. Installing via pip: pip install iptools Apr 11, 2024 · Validate an IP Using Python and Regex. from Data import CleanData # Format and Clean the Input Data. 255. Get IP address of your computer in Python Here we are trying to fetch the IP address of our computer in Python using various methods like, Jul 31, 2023 · Examples: Validate an IP address using Python without using RegEx. gethostname () function to get an IP from a URL in Python. Approach. Here is the source code of the program to validate the IPv6 IP address. Strip the separator, whatever it is, then get the hex value that's left. 7) function that will take a string and return true if its input is an ip address, possibly with a slash in the end, but false otherwise. ip_network('192. I specifically Aug 3, 2022 · import socket hostname = input ("Please enter website address:") # IP lookup from hostname print (f'The {hostname} IP Address is {socket. ip_network(ip2) in ipaddress. inet_aton(address) return address. python3 sweeper. In this example, we will use the ipaddress. There are mere 2 logics that i am using as shown in code-The length of ipnos should be 4 after the split('. 09' : It should result True but it returning False Aug 26, 2023 · The validation process involves checking whether an IP address adheres to the established rules and conventions of its respective IP version, whether it is IPv4 or IPv6. Python provides ipaddress module which is used to validate and categorize the IP address according to their types (IPv4 or IPv6). Depending on the language you use \ could have to be escaped with \. You can do this by importing and using the python IPv4 addresses are also validated. thank you for your help and idea. ip_address('${IP_ADDR}')" 2>/dev/null; then echo "IP_ADDR is a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address" else echo "IP_ADDR is not a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address" fi Python program to check if a string is a valid IP address or not. 6 and Windows Server 2008. 138. 7. 10. group(0))]. Either I want to use the IP address they entered (check to see if it's valid first), lookup the IP with the FQDN, or get the FQDN using the hostname (using local DNS settings). ip_address('199. append Aug 26, 2020 · 4. We need a way to ensure that it’s a valid IP address. Here is an example code to check if an IP address is valid in Python: There exists a python library called py3-validate-email validate_email which has 3 levels of email validation, including asking a valid SMTP server if the email address is valid (without sending an email). ip_address('192. Jan 13, 2017 · I want to check if IP 180. Although not as feature-rich as GeoIP2, it provides basic functionality for resolving IP addresses to country/city with minimal setup. Python provides a library called re for parsing and matching Regex. I wrote the following Mar 27, 2023 · Follow the steps below to check if the string is IPv4: Initialize a boolean variable, ans as true to check if the string is IPv4 or not. compile(r""" # Match a valid IPv4 in the wild. I know there are many python libraries that currently do this such as ipcalc and netaddr. Jun 28, 2018 · With Pyspark, I would like to join/merge if an IP address in the dataframe A is in a IP network range or hits the same IP address in the dataframe B. g. Otherwise, tokenize the string, S with respect Mar 12, 2020 · It’s very straightforward to validate built-in types in Python, but an IP address is just a string in Python - and any string is a valid string. 1 Code: In Python, we can check if an IP address is valid using the ipaddress module. Here is the aproach that combines the above two answers. Please give me your thoughts on this. only). 40", e. 44 falls in there, which it would, or that 10. 3, you can use this backport. Related: An in-depth look at validating IP addresses with Python . 100. 78. def check_valid(address): try: socket. That may be an IP address that your router is listening to before using NAT (network address translation) to talk to your computer, but that doesn't mean your computer sees that IP address at Dec 31, 2020 · 1. 111 I am not valid 355. cpp : Check if the specified address is a valid numeric IP address. 200. Mar 16, 2023 · If the string is not a keyword, continue to the next step. We will use the valid_ipv4 and valid_ipv6 methods to validate if given element is valid IPv4 or IPv6 address or not. Aug 18, 2021 · Working with IP Addresses in Python. python -m pip install py3-validate-email. But looks like it is NOT giving me correct result. 99. I like to be able to verify if the end user has key in a valid IP address. def get_ip_address(url): try: Im basically grabbing input from a end user, and then I want to use an if statement basically stating so long as its either a valid IPV4 IP or a valid IPV4 CIDR then go do some tasks, then ill do some else statements that print out some verbiage about not meeting the address or network requirements. 1. ipa = ipaddress. 0 I am 111. – Dec 24, 2012 · I would import the IPAddresses and Data classes, then use them to accomplish your task in the following manner: #!/usr/bin/env/python. May 15, 2014 · The easiest way to check if it's any kind of IP address (IPv4 or IPv6) is with a python one-liner: #!/bin/bash IP_ADDR="::1" if python3 -c "import ipaddress; ipaddress. If you only want to accept IPv4 addresses, use return ipaddress. This module provides a class called IPv4Address and IPv6Address which can be used to validate IPv4 and IPv6 addresses respectively. PYTHON IP CHECKER. 0/24) in Python? Are there general tools in Python for ip address manipulation? Stuff like host lookups, ip adddress to int, network address with netmask to int and so on? Hopefully in the standard Python library for 2. IsIPv4Address is another function of mine (EDIT 1: added it into the question). I think you're better off checking for basic patter and then check for the range for each number. We will start our code by accepting the input Introduction to IP Address Regular Expression. l = list(map(str, s. I got this problem during an interview. 64 , 255. Store the count of occurrence of ‘. I've found an interesting method using socket module here it is: # test for IPv4. The first expression will match exactly one lowercase Oct 11, 2012 · For some reason, the ipaddress module does not provide a simple function to check whether a network is contained in another network. Examples:- 12. Search jobs Feb 10, 2022 · I am trying to validate if the string of numbers is valid IP address or not. IPv4Address(val) instead. – Niklas B. Jan 20, 2020 · Install the netaddr module using pip and then import it. The GeoIP library is another way to perform IP-based geolocation in Python. Python's re module can be used to create regex patterns for both IPv4 and IPv6 address validation. It can be used to check if a given IP address is valid by using the ip_address function and catching any exceptions that may be thrown. In this tutorial, you’ll learn: How IP addresses work, both in theory and in Python code. 55. 0/16') True If your Python installation is older than 3. Host ID is 151. proxy_port = "<PORT>". Jan 11, 2011 · I'm using Python 2. Sep 23, 2020 · Example 1: Using ipaddress Module. I there have a database online. inet_aton() to parse a CSV and check the field if it is an IPv4 address. So i want to be able to see if 10. Basic usage: from validate_email import validate_email. Jul 31, 2020 · I'm new to Python, and would like help for my code below. See full list on codefather. proxies = {. from IPAddresses import ExtractIPs # Extract IPs From Input Data. """Extract IPv4 Addresses From Input File. Feb 8, 2023 · Host ID is 4. match(r'^\d+\. 10') in ipaddress. IPv6Network() method from the ipaddress module to validate whether an IPv6 IP address is valid or not. 30. 1') print(ipa. ValidIpAddressRegex matches valid IP addresses and ValidHostnameRegex valid host names. The iptools library is a tool that offers IP address manipulation and validation features. X) Each X represents a number within an inclusive range of 0 to 255. 0/24') import ipaddress for ip in ipaddress. error: print "That was not a valid IP address" You can use the following regular expressions separately or by combining them in a joint OR expression. inet_aton(). Usage: Jun 3, 2015 · 2. 77. count(True)==4 Example: 3 days ago · Source code: Lib/ipaddress. 355 I am valid 192. IPv4Network('192. pip install ipaddress. But since IPv6 can have many formats, I am not able to find the exact solution. I need to parse valid and unique ip address from a text file. Output : Given IP address belongs to Class B. 1), how do I check if it's in a network (say 192. 4b. Downloading Files from My Web server. For ip='123. Oct 19, 2023 · In this example we are passing the string as the input argument to the ip_address () function and checks if the given input ip address is valid or not. subnets(new_prefix=ipaddress. Feb 15, 2016 · 1. I need Python to use the external IP address, but while doing so I get this: socket. you can use ip-getter website to get the IP by which you are sending a request, then check if the IP is the same as your proxy IP or some thing else. Jun 1, 2010 · Many of the solutions mentioned here require an exec out to a command line utility. Aug 3, 2022 · As you can read in the code comments, ipaddress. Mar 27, 2009 · I find this in cuckoo. If the local IP address is needed to hand it over to a peer Oct 5, 2014 · 3. There is no need to install new modules. The functions and classes in this module make it straightforward to handle various tasks related to IP addresses, including checking whether or not two hosts are on the same subnet, iterating over all Oct 26, 2016 · As said in the documentation of all, it checks if every element in a list evaluates to True (basically bool(e) is True) or it is empty. It would be some extremely specific code that could even tell them apart as 1 == True, 0 == False, True + True == 2, and sum (n % 2 == 0 for n in range (1000)) == 500. Python provides ipaddress module which provides the capabilities to create, manipulate and operate on IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and networks. About the error: [Errno 10049] The requested address is not valid in its context This normally stems from an attempt to bind to an address that is not valid for the local computer: so it seems that the loopback address 127. gethostbyname (hostname)} ') Python Get Ip Address from Hostname. Sep 23, 2020 · Here are some examples to validate whether the IPv4 IP address is valid or not. proxy_user = "<USERNAME>". 1 is actually valid. 111. I also wrote several tests with the expected output, and they all passed as expected. I tried your solution using (host='127. This is one of the questions asked in the Juniper coding interview. Firstly I think you have a concept problem: check whether the given input is a valid Hostname or valid IP or none of them either. Here is the source of the code of the program to validate whether an IPv4 IP address is Valid or not. split('\. If you want the URL validator to also work with IPv6 addresses, do the following: Add is_valid_ipv6(ip) from Markus Jarderot's answer, which has a really good IPv6 validator regex; Add and not is_valid_ipv6(domain) to the last if; Examples Sep 23, 2013 · Per How to validate IP address in Python? it seems that there are two methods two accomplish this, REGEX or socket. i do not agree. Feb 21, 2024 · 1. Such as ipaddress. . Python has several options for doing this, which we won't get into here. Update 1: As suggested by Rahul, I've tried the following code but it didn't return anything on the screen. 254 , etc. I managed to solve this problem as follows: ip1 = '10. For IPv4 addresses, which are the most commonly used, validation is relatively straightforward. Mar 15, 2012 · In Python 3. It works but maybe it's too convoluted and terse? Or maybe it could be improved / optimised / rewritten in a cleverer way than just to check 1's in a string?. ValidHostnameRegex is valid as per RFC 1123. py. 22' ipaddress. Here's a Python function to generate all valid IP addresses: def restore_ip_addresses (s): def backtrack (path, start): # Base case: if we've placed all 3 dots if len (path) == 4: if start == len (s): ips. error: [E Apr 3, 2017 · I'm trying to create a Python (2. For a basic validation this oneliner could help. 0 - 180. ip_network(ip1). The IP address should be of the format ( X. Here’s a simple example: import socket. checksum_address() method Mar 20, 2013 · which will accept IPv4 addresses of the form "100. Validating IP addresses in Python is essential for applications related to networking, cybersecurity, and data processing. fromnetaddrimport*. 179. Match ip address using Nov 27, 2015 · I have the following task: Identify if the string has a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address using just the default modules. error: Jan 6, 2022 · Check If a String is a valid IP Address using ipaddress module. In this tutorial, you’ll get a better grasp of IP addresses by using some of the features of Python’s ipaddress module. If the string is a valid identifier, print “Valid Identifier”. ',re. My script have this right now. This is quite inefficient and resource hungry if you need to monitor large numbers of IP addresses. c Jul 14, 2015 · I want to add Mac address (Validation) check before my python script runs. So my script wanna be like this after. If you want to loop through a network you can define a network using ipaddress module. When I try to bind to the resolved IP Address or domain of the host I get this: Traceback (most recent call last) Aug 16, 2016 · The requested address is not valid in its context. Network ID is 130. import ipaddress. AF_QIPCRTR is a Linux-only socket based interface for communicating with services running on co-processors in Qualcomm platforms. Nov 8, 2021 · I'm confused on how I could prompt the user for an IP, FQDN, or hostname. Here we will mostly talk about the usage for validating if the IP is valid IPv4 or IPv6. The address family is represented as a (node, port) tuple where the node and port are non-negative integers. qg yv fi vo fw ym im oj bb zh